Industrial dust filtration systems or industrial dust treatment systems are effective measures to remove dust and impurities from the air, with an efficiency of up to 99.97%. To limit air pollution and ensure clean air in the room, we need to have a high-quality air filtration system.
This article provides you with useful information related to industrial dust filtration systems commonly used today:
Harmful effects of dust on life and health:
The problem of production environment pollution caused by industrial dust is being discussed a lot. The harmful effects of dust adversely affect the health of workers:
- Dust has adverse effects on the skin, eyes, respiratory system, and digestive system.
- Damage to the respiratory tract, causing respiratory diseases such as rhinitis, bronchitis, sore throat, atrophic rhinitis due to chromium or arsenic dust,…
- Airborne dust particles are inhaled into the lungs, causing damage to the respiratory tract. When we breathe, dust particles larger than 5 micrometers are blocked in the nasal cavity by nasal hairs and mucus membranes up to 90%.
- However, dust particles with a size of 2-5 micrometers can easily reach the bronchi and alveoli. Here, fine dust is surrounded and destroyed by about 90% of phagocytes. The remaining dust particles settle in the lungs, causing lung diseases, asbestosis, silicosis, siderosis,…
- Dust also causes skin diseases when it adheres and causes dermatitis, clogging pores and affecting sweat secretion. Causing acne or skin ulcers, reducing vision, causing eye inflammation, pterygium,…
- Industrial dust causes eye injuries, alkaline or acidic dust particles can cause corneal burns.
- Active dust is flammable if in high concentrations, causing dangerous fires and explosions when exposed to sparks.
So what is an effective solution to address the harmful effects of dust? Let Migco introduce you to air filtration systems or industrial dust filtration systems.
Common industrial dust filtration systems today:
To filter industrial dust, many different types of air filtration equipment and systems are used. Depending on the nature of the forces acting within the equipment, the main groups of industrial dust filtration systems are classified as follows:
- Cyclone dust filtration systems
- Baghouse dust filtration systems
Characteristics of Cyclone industrial dust filtration systems:
These are relatively common air filtration systems.
Operating principle of Cyclone industrial dust filtration systems
Cyclone dust filtration systems operate on a simple principle, using a high-capacity centrifugal fan to generate centrifugal force to draw and separate dust particles from the moving air stream.
The strong centrifugal force creates a swirling air and dust mixture through a pipe tangential to the cylindrical section. This air and dust stream is directed towards a cone, and the air is forced upwards in a swirling motion, exiting the system.
During the upward and downward swirling motion of the air and dust mixture, the dust particles are subjected to centrifugal force, collide with the pipe wall, lose momentum, and fall down. An automatic discharge valve at the bottom releases the dust into a container.
Advantages of Cyclone dust treatment systems:
- Stable resistance for a given air flow;
- Effective for industrial dust with high concentrations;
- Can withstand high-temperature exhaust gas mixtures;
- No moving parts or filter elements, so no replacement is needed;
- Low operating costs for the dust filtration system;
- Continuous and effective operation for coarse dust particles.
Baghouse dust filtration systems:
Characteristics
- This air filtration system is suitable for fine, dry dust that is difficult to separate from the air by inertia and centrifugal force
- Requires very high dust filtration efficiency in a dry state.
- Exhaust gas flow rate is not too high
- Exhaust gas temperature is low but must be higher than the dew point temperature
Operating principle of baghouse dust filtration systems:
Baghouse filtration systems consist of fabric bags or woven fiber bags. The dust-laden air stream is drawn into the bags by the suction force of a centrifugal fan. These bags are woven or manufactured with one end closed.
The air and dust mixture enters the inside of the bag, and the dust is retained. The more dust adheres to the fabric fibers, the greater the resistance of the filter bag. The filter bag needs to be cleaned periodically to avoid overloading, which would cause the suction fans to be unable to draw air into the filter bags.
To clean the filter bags, you can use methods such as shaking the bags or using sound waves transmitted through the air. Shaking the filter bags can be done by reversing the air flow or using pressure or gradual compression.
HVAC systems are widely used in industrial dust filtration systems.
HVAC systems are used to control temperature, humidity, and air quality for a specific space. Such as cleanrooms, cold storage rooms, operating room air filtration,… etc.
The HVAC system structure has many filtration stages with industrial dust filter panels installed at different positions with different functions.
Typically, a standard factory HVAC system uses 3 or more filtration stages for the intake air supply. All dust filtration system designs have primary, intermediate, fine, and HEPA (or ULPA) filters.
Usually, the first filtration stage has a large surface area and is served by a large suction fan. Through an air duct or dust collection duct of a similar size.
At the next filtration stage, the appropriate filter type is chosen depending on the application. It can be an intermediate filter or a fine filter, or the air stream can pass from the first stage directly to the HEPA/ULPA filtration system. The air stream can also pass through many filtration stages, with various dust filter panels in a high-standard factory.
The final filtration stage in the air filtration system can be HEPA or ULPA depending on the cleanliness level required.
The above is some information shared by MIGCO about the harmful effects of dust and effective industrial dust filtration systems. If you need more specific advice on dust treatment systems as well as air filtration systems, please contact MIGCO directly for support and answers.
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